single-phase electric current

CONST corriente eléctrica monofásica f, corriente eléctrica monopolar f

ELEC, ELEC ENG monofásico

1

2

3

1) течение; поток

2) скорость потока или течения

3) (электрический) ток

4) вчт. текущая запись

1) (электрический) ток || токовый

2) поток; течение || текущий; протекающий

3) скорость потока; скорость течения

4) течение; ход событий || текущий; относящийся к рассматриваемому моменту времени; современный

5) вчт рабочий (напр. о файле); текущий (напр. о записи)

6) общая тенденция; курс || общепринятый; общераспространённый

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- absorption current

1) (электрический) ток || токовый

2) поток; течение || текущий; протекающий

3) скорость потока; скорость течения

4) течение; ход событий || текущий; относящийся к рассматриваемому моменту времени; современный

5) вчт. рабочий (напр. о файле); текущий (напр. о записи)

6) общая тенденция; курс || общепринятый; общераспространённый

•

- absorption current

1. течение, поток, струя

2. электрический ток

3. текущий, находящийся в обращении

— active current

— alternating current

— arc welding current

— average current

— back current

— body current

— charging current

— circulating current

— control current

— conventional welding current

— direct current

— discharge current

— earth currents

— eddy current

— effective current

— electric current

— field current

— filament current

— gas current

— ground current

— harmonic current

— high amperage current

— high frequency current

— high tension current

— high voltage current

— impressed current

— induced current

— let-go current

— load current

— long line currents

— low voltage current

— maximum welding current

— multiphase current

— multiple current

— natural earth currents

— no-load current

— nominal current

— one-phase current

— operating current

— periodic current

— polyphase current

— power current

— price current

— pulsating current

— rated carrying current

— rated current

— rated maximum current

— rated short-circuit current

— rated welding current

— rectified current

— reversed current

— rising current

— running current

— single-phase current

— three-phase current

— turbidity currents

1. течение; ток; струя, поток

2. текущий, теперешний

- gas current

* * *

1) поток; течение

2) ток, электрический ток

3) текущий; действующий

•

- alternating current

Elektroinstallationen single-phase electric current

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity, Land transport, Public utilities, Railways and locomotives

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George Westinghouse's father was an ingenious manufacturer of agricultural implements; the son, after a spell in the Union Army during the Civil War, and subsequently in the Navy as an engineer, went to work for his father. He invented a rotary steam engine, which proved impracticable; a rerailing device for railway rolling stock in 1865; and a cast-steel frog for railway points, with longer life than the cast-iron frogs then used, in 1868–9. During the same period Westinghouse, like many other inventors, was considering how best to meet the evident need for a continuous brake for trains, i.e. one by which the driver could apply the brakes on all vehicles in a train simultaneously instead of relying on brakesmen on individual vehicles. By chance he encountered a magazine article about the construction of the Mont Cenis Tunnel, with a description of the pneumatic tools invented for it, and from this it occurred to him that compressed air might be used to operate the brakes along a train.

The first prototype was ready in 1869 and the Westinghouse Air Brake Company was set up to manufacture it. However, despite impressive demonstration of the brake's powers when it saved the test train from otherwise certain collision with a horse-drawn dray on a level crossing, railways were at first slow to adopt it. Then in 1872 Westinghouse added to it the triple valve, which enabled the train pipe to charge reservoirs beneath each vehicle, from which the compressed air would apply the brakes when pressure in the train pipe was reduced. This meant that the brake was now automatic: if a train became divided, the brakes on both parts would be applied. From then on, more and more American railways adopted the Westinghouse brake and the Railroad Safety Appliance Act of 1893 made air brakes compulsory in the USA. Air brakes were also adopted in most other parts of the world, although only a minority of British railway companies took them up, the remainder, with insular reluctance, preferring the less effective vacuum brake.

From 1880 Westinghouse was purchasing patents relating to means of interlocking railway signals and points; he combined them with his own inventions to produce a complete signalling system. The first really practical power signalling scheme, installed in the USA by Westinghouse in 1884, was operated pneumatically, but the development of railway signalling required an awareness of the powers of electricity, and it was probably this that first led Westinghouse to become interested in electrical processes and inventions. The Westinghouse Electric Company was formed in 1886: it pioneered the use of electricity distribution systems using high-voltage single-phase alternating current, which it developed from European practice. Initially this was violently opposed by established operators of direct-current distribution systems, but eventually the use of alternating current became widespread.

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1) двигатель, проф. мотор

2) электродвигатель

3) автомобиль

1) схема; цепь; контур

2) канал; линия; тракт

3) тлф. шлейф

4) цикл ( графа)

5) круговое движение, движение по окружности || совершать круговое движение, двигаться по окружности

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- π-circuit

1) метр

2) измерительный прибор, измеритель || измерять, мерить, замерять

3) счётчик

4) дозатор

- prąd elektryczny electric current

- porażenie prądem an electric shock

- został porażony prądem a. złapał go prąd pot. he got a. was given an electric shock

- zostać śmiertelnie porażonym prądem to be electrocuted

- włączyć/wyłączyć prąd to switch on/off the electricity a. the power

- płacić za prąd i gaz to pay for electricity and gas

- opłaty za prąd electricity charges

- dostawa prądu power a. electricity supply

- przerwa w dostawie prądu a power cut, a blackout

- odciąć dostawę prądu do miasta to cut power to a. to black out a town

- przewodnik prądu a power conductor

- natężenie/napięcie prądu amperage/voltage

- źródło prądu a source of power a. electricity, a power source a. an electricity source

- golarka/suszarka do włosów na prąd sieciowy a plug-in razor/hairdryer

- włączyć suszarkę (do włosów)/żelazko do prądu to plug in the hairdryer/iron

- wyłączyć suszarkę (do włosów)/żelazko z prądu to unplug the hairdryer/iron

- silny/szybki prąd a strong/a rapid current

- płynąć pod prąd/z prądem [osoba] to swim upstream/downstream a. against/with the current; [łódź] to sail upstream/downstream a. against/with the current

- iść a. płynąć z prądem/pod prąd przen. to go a. swim with/against the tide a. stream przen.

- przez otwarte okno wpłynął prąd świeżego, porannego powietrza a gust of fresh air came in through the open window

- prąd wiatru porywał liście gusts of wind were blowing leaves around

- prądy racjonalistyczne w oświeceniu rationalist trends during the Enlightenment

- twórca nowego prądu w malarstwie the founder of a new trend a. movement in painting

- prądy rewolucyjne revolutionary currents

- prąd ludzi i pojazdów a stream of people and vehicles

- dał się porwać prądowi demonstrantów he was swept along by a stream of demonstrators

- jechał pod prąd jednokierunkową ulicą he was driving the wrong way up a one-way street

- □ prąd czynnościowy Fizj. biocurrent

- prąd faradyczny Fiz. faradic a. faradaic current

- prąd galwaniczny Elektr. voltaic a. galvanic current

- prąd głębinowy Geog. undercurrent

- prąd indukcyjny Elektr. induced current

- prąd jednofazowy Elektr. monophase a. single-phase current

- prąd jednokierunkowy Elektr. unidirectional current

- prąd kompensacyjny Geog. compensatory current

- prąd morski Geog. sea current

- prąd odpływowy Geog. riptide

- prąd podpowierzchniowy Geog. undertow

- prąd przemienny a. zmienny Elektr. alternating current, AC

- prąd stały Elektr. direct current, DC

- prąd strumieniowy Meteo. jet stream

- prąd termiczny Meteo. thermal (current)

- prąd trójfazowy Elektr. three-phase current

- prąd wielofazowy Elektr. multi-phase current

- prąd wstępujący Meteo. updraught

- prąd zstępujący Meteo. downdraught

- prądy błądzące Elektr. stray currents

- prądy kompensacyjne Geog. compensation currents

- Prąd Północnoatlantycki Geog. the North Atlantic Drift

- Prąd Zatokowy Geog. the Gulf Stream

1) схема; цепь; контур

2) эл. сеть

3) связь канал; линия; тракт